CYBER SECURITY IN INDIA (अंग्रेजी में)

 The change in military doctrine currently supports the establishment and promotion of cyber commands around the world, reflecting a major strategy shift that includes building barriers in the cyber sphere.

 Moreover, the scope of impact of cyber security is not limited to the military sector, but it covers all aspects of the governance, economy and welfare of the country.

India ranks third in the world in terms of Internet users after the US and China, but India's cyber security system is still in its infancy. 

This can be understood on the basis of a report published in the New York Times which outlined the possibility that a power outage in Mumbai in the year 2020 could be the result of an attack by a Chinese state-sponsored group.

 In such a situation, given the important role of cyber capability in the military, governance and economic sphere, there is a need to adopt a comprehensive cyber security doctrine in India soon.

Cyber ​​attacks in India:-

India has also been a victim of cyber attacks many times in the past.

 In 2009, a suspected cyber espionage network named Ghostnet was found targeting the Tibetan government-in-exile and several Indian embassies in India, among other people or entities.

The incident was followed by a series of attacks that targeted India, including Stuxnet, which shut down nuclear reactors in Iran.

 A cyber attack called Suckfly targeted not only government but also private entities. It also included a company providing technical support to the National Stock Exchange.

 In the year 2019, a cyber attack named Dtrek first targeted Indian banks and then later the Kudankulam nuclear power plant in Tamil Nadu.

Challenges related to cyber security infrastructure in India:-

1. Lack of integrated response i.e. effective coordination in implementing an integrated response to combat and act on cyber security threats at the national level may face challenges such as lack of response responsibility and accountability.

 2.  Lack of Required Capacity India lacks indigenous capability self-reliance in terms of hardware as well as software cyber security tools and techniques. This makes India's cyber sector vulnerable to cyber attacks inspired by hostile nations and chaotic elements.

 India does not have an active protection framework like the European Union's General Data Protection Rules (GDPR) or the US's Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data (CLOUD) Act.

 Cyber ​​Security Institute :-

In the last two decades, a significant effort has been made in India to create a number of machinery focusing on the adaptability of cyber security.

 The Prime Minister's Office comprises several cyber portfolios such as the National Security Council, usually chaired by the National Security Advisor, which plays an important role in shaping India's cyber policy ecosystem.

 The National Information Board is also chaired by the NSA which acts as the apex body for inter-ministerial coordination on cyber security policy.

The National Center for Protection of Critical Information Infrastructure, established in January 2014 under the National Technical Research Organization, has been entrusted with the task of protecting critical infrastructure.

In 2015, the Office of the National Cyber ​​Security Coordinator was set up by the Indian Prime Minister to advise the Prime Minister on cyber security issues of strategy.

The Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-in) established under the Ministry of Electronics and IT (MEiTY), Government of India works to tackle cyber security threats involving non-priority infrastructure.

Defense Cyber ​​Agency (DCA) set up by the Union Ministry of Defense is a tri-services command of the Indian Armed Forces to coordinate and control joint armed operations.

In addition, several coordination centers are operated under the supervision of the Ministry of Home Affairs, which focus on law enforcement efforts to eliminate cyber crime, espionage, terrorism.

Way ahead:-

1.  Principles on Cyber ​​Conflicts - Presently there is a need to clearly lay down cyber security principles that deal with cyber challenges in all aspects related to it through conduct of aggressive cyber attacks or retaliatory policy against cyber attacks. do cover.

2. Setting a Global Benchmark- India should view the National Cyber ​​Security Strategy as an important opportunity to articulate its views on the process of application of international laws in cyberspace. It can also help guide the debate on global governance to enhance India's strategic interests and capabilities.

3. Multi-stakeholder Approach – Need for better coordination within government and at national and state level with government and private sectors to detect and combat threats from state-backed anarchists and their allies and online criminals is.

4. There is a need to promote indigenization i.e. opportunities for development of software to ensure cyber security and security of digital communications. The Government of India may consider including cyber city infrastructure in its Make in India programme. Also, at present there is a need to develop suitable hardware on a unique Indian pattern to meet the local requirements  .

Conclusion: -

A clear public policy on cyber security and cyber warfare will play an important role in boosting the confidence of citizens. The mechanism will provide a strong base for setting up.